Sylvius, 1642-1672, established, at Leyden, the first university chemical laboratory in Europe. He was also instrumental in the early recognition of tuberculosis which, up to his time, was known only in its advanced form. Little progress was made in the knowledge of the condition until his assertion that tubercles are often found in the lung, and that "they softened and suppurated to form cavities" -(Garrison & Morton 2321, citing the 1679 first edition). He was one of the first to defend Harvey's theory of the circulation of blood, which he demonstrated on dogs. There possibly was a frontispiece portrait; none is present in this copy.